A Jewish core curriculum to live by

Like most religious traditions, Judaism is diverse. Perhaps especially in Israel, where I live (although certainly not only there), debates about what Jewish knowledge is important and who has the right to define the parameters of religious education are passionate, sometimes angry, often political, and ongoing. The politicized and highly emotional nature of Israeli debate brings general issues of Jewish education into relief. In Israel it is visceral; outside of Israel it is perhaps more genteel, but the issues are the same. What do young Jews need to know to go out into the world as identified Jews, to stay Jewish, teach their children and contribute to the continuation of their religion?